Biogenic green metal nano systems as efficient anti-cancer agents

Environ Res. 2023 Jul 15:229:115933. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115933. Epub 2023 Apr 18.

Abstract

Metal/metal oxide nano systems (M-NSs) of tunable and manipulative properties are emerging suitable for cancer management via immunity development, early-stage diagnosis, nanotherapeutics, and targeted drug delivery systems. However, noticeable toxicity, off-targeted actions, lacking biocompatibility, and being expensive limit their acceptability. Moreover, involving high energy (top-down routes) and hazardous chemicals (bottom-up chemical routes) is altering human cycle. To manage such challenges, biomass (plants, microbes, animals) and green chemistry-based M-NSs due to scalability, affordability, are cellular, tissue, and organ acceptability are emerging as desired biogenic M-NSs for cancer management with enhanced features. The state-of-art and perspective of green metal/metal oxide nano systems (GM-NSs) as an efficient anti-cancer agent including, imaging, immunity building elements, site-specific drug delivery, and therapeutics developments are highlighted in this review critically. It is expected that this report will serve as guideline for design and develop high-performance GM-NSs for establishing them as next-generation anti-cancer agent capable to manage cancer in personalized manner.

Keywords: Anti-cancer agent; Biogenic nanoparticles; Cancer management; Drug delivery system; Green chemistry; Metal-oxides.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Humans
  • Metal Nanoparticles* / chemistry
  • Metal Nanoparticles* / therapeutic use
  • Metal Nanoparticles* / toxicity
  • Metals
  • Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Oxides

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Metals
  • Oxides