In recent years, starfish outbreaks occurred frequently in northern China, causing serious economic losses to marine aquaculture. The most common outbreak starfish species are Asterias amurensis and Asterina pectini-fera. We systematically reviewed the related studies by introducing the biological characteristics, current outbreaking status, and main impact of A. amurensis and A. pectinifera, and by discussing the causes, formation process, and migration pattern of starfish outbreaks in northern China. The early life history stage drives starfish outbreak. The increases of larval survival rate is the key leading to population outbreak. Population connectivity is the vital clue to reveal the source and dispersal of starfish populations. On this basis, we proposed several scientific and technical issues that should be addressed urgently, including the determination of the outbreak threshold, the traceability of starfish population, and the methods of monitoring, early warning and control. It would provide insight into the research on the mechanism of starfish outbreaks and the theoretical support for formulating prevention and treatment strategies for starfish outbreaks in northern China.
近年来,我国北方养殖海域频繁遭受海星的侵袭,造成了巨大的经济损失,其中主要的海星种类为多棘海盘车和海燕。本文对相关文献进行了系统梳理,介绍了多棘海盘车和海燕的生物学特征、主要危害对象和暴发灾害现状,探讨了我国北方海星种群暴发的原因、形成过程及扩散迁移模式,认为早期生活史阶段是海星种群暴发的驱动阶段,幼虫成活率的提高是导致种群暴发的关键,种群连通性是揭示海星种群来源和扩散的重要线索。在此基础上提出了目前亟待解决的科学和技术问题,包括海星暴发阈值的确定、种群溯源、监测预警以及防治技术等。本文旨在为我国北方海星暴发机制相关研究提供思路,为海星暴发灾害防治策略的制定提供理论支持。.
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