Longitudinal Neutralizing and Functional Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants Following Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination

Xuemin Chen; Caroline Ciric; Theda Gibson; Larry J Anderson; Evan J Anderson; Christina A Rostad

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofad167

Longitudinal Neutralizing and Functional Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants Following Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination

Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023 Mar 28;10(4):ofad167. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad167. eCollection 2023 Apr.

Authors

Xuemin Chen^{1

2}, Caroline Ciric¹, Theda Gibson¹, Larry J Anderson^{1

2}, Evan J Anderson^{1

2

3}, Christina A Rostad^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
² Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
³ Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Abstract

In this longitudinal prospective cohort of healthy adults in the United States, we found that coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA primary series and booster vaccinations elicited high titers of broadly cross-reactive neutralizing and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity antibodies, which gradually waned over 6 months, particularly against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants. These data support the indication for a subsequent booster vaccination.

Keywords: ADCC; Omicron; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; durability; hybrid immunity.