Uncovering the Microbiota of Bagworm Metisa plana (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) in Oil Palm Plantations in Malaysia

Trop Life Sci Res. 2023 Mar;34(1):185-218. doi: 10.21315/tlsr2023.34.1.11. Epub 2023 Mar 31.

Abstract

Bagworm Metisa plana is one of the major pests in Malaysia's oil palm plantation, with infestation resulting in huge economical loss. Currently, the microbial profile of the bagworm has yet to be study. Understanding the biology of the pest such as the bacterial community is crucial as bacteria associated with insects often provide benefits to the insect, giving the insect host a better chance of survival. Here, 16S amplicon sequencing was used to identify the bacteria community of M. plana. Additionally, two comparisons were made, the bacterial communities between two larval stages (early instar stage and late instar stage) from outbreak area; the bacterial communities of late instar stage larvae from non-outbreak between outbreak areas. From this study, it was found that the bacterial community of M. plana consisted of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacterioidetes, Firmicutes and other minor phyla, with Proteobacteria being the most dominant phylum. Furthermore, bacterial genera of M. plana consisted of Pantoea, Curtobacterium, Pseudomonas, Massilia and other minor genera, with Pantoea being the most dominant. It was also found that the alpha and beta diversity in both comparisons were not significantly different. We present our data as a first insight towards the bacterial community of M. plana, paving a way towards understanding the biology of the bagworm M. plana.

Metisa plana adalah salah satu daripada perosak utama dalam ladang kelapa sawit Malaysia, dengan serangan yang mengakibatkan kerugian besar kepada ekonomi. Pada masa ini, profil mikrob bagworm masih belum dikaji. Memahami biologi perosak seperti komuniti bakteria adalah penting kerana bakteria yang dikaitkan dengan serangga sering memberi manfaat kepada serangga, memberikan hos serangga peluang untuk terus hidup. Penjujukan amplikon 16S digunakan untuk mengenal pasti komuniti bakteria M. plana. Selain itu, dua perbandingan telah dibuat, komuniti bakteria antara dua peringkat larva (peringkat instar awal dan peringkat instar lewat) dari kawasan wabak; komuniti bakteria larva peringkat instar lewat dari kawasan bukan wabak dan kawasan wabak. Daripada kajian ini, didapati komuniti bakteria M. plana terdiri daripada Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacterioidetes, Firmicutes dan filum kecil lain, dengan Proteobacteria merupakan filum yang paling dominan. Tambahan pula, genera bakteria M. plana terdiri daripada Pantoea, Curtobacterium, Pseudomonas, Massilia dan genera minor lain, dengan Pantoea yang paling dominan. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa kepelbagaian alfa dan beta dalam kedua-dua perbandingan adalah tidak jauh berbeza. Data ini dibentangkan sebagai pandangan pertama terhadap komuniti bakteria M. plana, membuka jalan ke arah memahami biologi bagworm M. plana.

Keywords: Bagworm; Kelapa Sawit; Metagenomics; Metagenomik; Metisa plana; Microbiome; Mikrobiom; Oil Palm.