Statistical optimization of a podoviral anti-MRSA phage CCASU-L10 generated from an under sampled repository: Chicken rinse

Israa M Abd-Allah; Ghadir S El-Housseiny; Mohamed H Al-Agamy; Hesham H Radwan; Khaled M Aboshanab; Nadia A Hassouna

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1149848

Statistical optimization of a podoviral anti-MRSA phage CCASU-L10 generated from an under sampled repository: Chicken rinse

Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Mar 31:13:1149848. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1149848. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Israa M Abd-Allah¹, Ghadir S El-Housseiny¹, Mohamed H Al-Agamy^{2

3}, Hesham H Radwan², Khaled M Aboshanab¹, Nadia A Hassouna¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
² Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Introduction: The insurgence of antimicrobial resistance is an imminent health danger globally. A wide range of challenging diseases are attributed to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as it is weaponized with a unique array of virulence factors, and most importantly, the resistance it develops to most of the antibiotics used clinically. On that account, the present study targeted the optimization of the production of a bacteriophage active against MRSA, and evaluating some of its characters.

Methods and results: The bacteriophage originated from a quite peculiar environmental source, raw chicken rinse and was suggested to belong to Podoviridae, order Caudovirales. It withstood a variety of extreme conditions and yield optimization was accomplished via the D-optimal design by response surface methodology (RSM). A reduced quadratic model was generated, and the ideal production conditions recommended were pH 8, glycerol 0.9% v/v, peptone 0.08% w/v, and 10⁷ CFU/ml as the host inoculum size. These conditions led to a two-log fold increase in the phage titer (1.17x10¹² PFU/ml), as compared to the regular conditions.

Discussion: To conclude, statistical optimization successfully enhanced the output of the podoviral phage titer by two-log fold and therefore, can be regarded as a potential scale-up strategy. The produced phage was able to tolerate extreme environmental condition making it suitable for topical pharmaceutical preparations. Further preclinical and clinical studies are required to ensure its suitability for use in human.

Keywords: MRSA; RSM; optimization; phage; podoviral phage.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacteriophages* / physiology
Chickens
Humans
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
Staphylococcal Infections*

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Grants and funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research & Innovation, “Ministry of Education” in Saudi Arabia, for funding this research work through the project No. IFKSURG-2-378.