Infection-Related Ventilator-Associated Complication and Possible Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia among Mechanically Ventilated Patients of Adult Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units

Bijayini Behera; Ashoka Mahapatra; Jawahar Sreevihar Kunjan Pillai; Jayanti Jena; Jyotirmayee Rath; Jyotirmayee Biswala; Chandramani Sahoo; Rajeswari Panda; Madhusmita Kanungo

doi:10.1055/s-0042-1750076

Infection-Related Ventilator-Associated Complication and Possible Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia among Mechanically Ventilated Patients of Adult Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units

J Lab Physicians. 2022 Jul 26;15(1):45-47. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1750076. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Authors

Bijayini Behera¹, Ashoka Mahapatra¹, Jawahar Sreevihar Kunjan Pillai², Jayanti Jena¹, Jyotirmayee Rath³, Jyotirmayee Biswala³, Chandramani Sahoo³, Rajeswari Panda³, Madhusmita Kanungo³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
² Department of Hospital Administration, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
³ Department of Infection Control Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Abstract

Objective An observational study was conducted to evaluate (1) the incidence rates of infection-related ventilator-associated complication (IVAC) and possible ventilator-associated pneumonia (PVAP) among mechanically ventilated patients of adult medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) and (2) the pathogen distribution in patients with PVAP. Materials and Methods The IVAC and PVAP rates of medical and surgical ICUs, between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2021, per 1,000 mechanical ventilator (MV) days were calculated. The significance of difference in IVAC and PVAP rates between medical and surgical ICUs was calculated. The level of significance was set at less than 0.05. Results MV utilization ratios of adult medical and surgical ICUs were 0.32 and 0.26, respectively ( p < 0.001). About 8 and 7 episodes of IVAC and 14 and 6 episodes of PVAP were reported from adult medical and surgical ICUs, accounting for IVAC rates of 3.17 and 1.8 per 1,000 MV ( p > 0.05) and PVAP rates of 2.46 and 1.59 per 1,000 MV days in medical and surgical ICUs, respectively ( p > 0.05). Acinetobacter baumannii complex either singly or in combination was isolated in 11/20 PVAP cases. Conclusion IVAC and PVAP were more in medical compared with surgical ICUs. The most common pathogen in patients with PVAP was A. baumannii complex. More studies are warranted to monitor the significance of ventilator-associated event on patient outcomes.

Keywords: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN); adult medical and surgical intensive care units; infection -related ventilator-associated complication; possible ventilator-associated pneumonia; ventilator-associated events.

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