Is Chronic Kidney Disease, a Predictor of In-Hospital Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients?

Firouzeh Moeinzadeh; Vahideh Raeisi; Media Babahajiani; Mojgan Mortazavi; Samaneh Pourajam; Shiva Seirafian; Mohammad Shirzadi; Shahram Taheri; Mehrdad Salahi; Marjan Mansourian; Arash Toghyani; Zahra Zamani

doi:10.4103/abr.abr_352_21

Is Chronic Kidney Disease, a Predictor of In-Hospital Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients?

Adv Biomed Res. 2023 Feb 25:12:39. doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_352_21. eCollection 2023.

Affiliations

¹ Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
² Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
³ Student Research Committee, Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
⁴ Department of Infectious Disease, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
⁵ Epidemiology and Biostatics Department, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
⁶ Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important comorbidity in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients considering its high prevalence. We aimed to figure out the relationship between CKD and COVID-19 mortality in this study.

Materials and methods: In total, 116 CKD patients (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] lower than 60 mL/min/1.73 m²) and 147 control subjects confirmed with COVID-19 were studied. Data regarding demographics, sign and symptoms, laboratory findings, and chest computed tomography were collected. Association between CKD and in-hospital mortality were analyzed using logistic regression models adjusted for confounders.

Results: Mortality rate was significantly higher in CKD than non-CKD (30.17 vs 4.76, P < 0.001) COVID-19 patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that CKD was significantly correlated with in-hospital mortality in the total sample (Odds ratio (OR) = 8.64, confidence interval (CI): 3.67-20.35) and gender subgroups (females: OR = 4.77, CI: 1.38-16.40, males: OR = 13.43, CI: 3.85-46.87) (P < 0.05) of COVID-19 patients in the crude model. Whereas, the correlation did not remain significant in the fully adjusted model in the total sample (OR = 1.70, CI: 0.35-8.19) and gender subgroups (females: OR = 1.07 CI: 0.06-19.82, males: OR = 0.87, CI: 0.07-10.33) (P > 0.05) of COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion: This study suggested an independent association between CKD and in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, more intensive surveillance of COVID-19 patients with CKD is to be warranted.

Keywords: COVID-19; Chronic kidney disease; in-hospital mortality; risk factors.