Impact of resveratrol-loaded liposomal nanocarriers on heat-stressed broiler chickens: Effects on performance, sirtuin expression, oxidative stress regulators, and muscle building factors

Asmaa T Y Kishawy; Doaa Ibrahim; Elshimaa M Roushdy; Amira Moustafa; Fatma Eldemery; Elham M Hussein; Fardos A M Hassan; Sara T Elazab; Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy; Raheela Kanwal; Walid M Kamel; Mohamed R Atteya; Asmaa W Zaglool

doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1137896

Impact of resveratrol-loaded liposomal nanocarriers on heat-stressed broiler chickens: Effects on performance, sirtuin expression, oxidative stress regulators, and muscle building factors

Front Vet Sci. 2023 Mar 28:10:1137896. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1137896. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
² Department of Animal Wealth Development, Animal Breeding, and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
³ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
⁵ Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁶ Department of Animal Wealth Development, Veterinary Economics, and Farm Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁷ Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
⁸ Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Ha'il University, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
¹⁰ Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
¹¹ Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
¹² Department of Animal Wealth Development, Genetic, and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Abstract

Climate change is considered to be the primary cause of heat stress (HS) in broiler chickens. Owing to the unique properties of extracted polyphenols, resveratrol-loaded liposomal nanoparticles (Resv-Lipo NPs) were first explored to mitigate the harmful effects of HS. The dietary role of Resv-Lipo NPs in heat-stressed birds was investigated based on their growth performance, antioxidative potential, and the expression of heat shock proteins, sirtuins, antioxidant, immune, and muscle-building related genes. A total of 250 1-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into five experimental groups (5 replicates/group, 10 birds/replicate) for 42 days as follows: the control group was fed a basal diet and reared in thermoneutral conditions, and the other four HS groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with Resv-Lipo NPsI, II, and III at the levels of 0, 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg diet, respectively. The results indicated that supplementation with Resv-Lipo NP improved the growth rate of the HS group. The Resv-Lipo NP group showed the most significant improvement in body weight gain (p < 0.05) and FCR. Additionally, post-HS exposure, the groups that received Resv-Lipo NPs showed restored functions of the kidney and the liver as well as improvements in the lipid profile. The restoration occurred especially at higher levels in the Resv-Lipo NP group compared to the HS group. The elevated corticosterone and T3 and T4 hormone levels in the HS group returned to the normal range in the Resv-Lipo NPsIII group. Additionally, the HS groups supplemented with Resv-Lipo NPs showed an improvement in serum and muscle antioxidant biomarkers. The upregulation of the muscle and intestinal antioxidant-related genes (SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, NR-f2, and HO-1) and the muscle-building genes (myostatin, MyoD, and mTOR) was observed with increasing the level of Resv-Lipo NPs. Heat stress upregulated heat shock proteins (HSP) 70 and 90 gene expression, which was restored to normal levels in HS+Resv-Lipo NPsIII. Moreover, the expression of sirtuin 1, 3, and 7 (SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT7) genes was increased (p < 0.05) in the liver of the HS groups that received Resv-Lipo NPs in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines in the HS group was restored in the HS groups that received Resv-Lipo NPs. Supplementation with Resv-Lipo NPs can mitigate the harmful impact of HS and consequently improve the performance of broiler chickens.

Keywords: broiler; myogenic factor; performance; resveratrol-loaded liposome; sirtuin.