Malnutrition is very common in patients with chronic kidney disease, especially in those on maintenance dialysis. Malnutrition is one of the major factors affecting survival and death of dialysis patients, and reducing their activity tolerance and immunity. There are numerous and interacting risk factors for malnutrition, such as reduced nutritional intake, increased energy expenditure, hormonal disorders, and inflammation. Selenium, in the form of selenoproteins, is involved in many physiological processes in the body and plays an important role in maintaining redox homeostasis. Oxidative stress and infection are very common in dialysis patients, and selenium levels in dialysis patients are significantly lower than those in the healthy population. It has been shown that there is a correlation between selenium levels in hemodialysis patients and their nutrition-related indicators, and that selenium supplementation may improve malnutrition in patients. However, further studies are needed to support this conclusion and there is a lack of basic research to further characterize the potential mechanisms by which selenium may improve malnutrition in dialysis patients. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of factors associated with malnutrition in dialysis patients and to describe the progress of research on nutritional status and selenium levels in dialysis patients.
Keywords: Dialysis; chronic kidney disease; malnutrition; selenium.
Malnutrition is very common and one of the main factors affecting the survival and mortality of dialysis patientsRisk factors for malnutrition in dialysis patients are numerous and interact with each other; controlling and reducing these risk factors is important to improve the nutritional status of patients.The trace element selenium acts to improve the nutritional status of patients by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in their bodies.