Early Discharge, Outpatient Evaluation, and Home Management of Acute Respiratory Failure from COVID-19 in Martinique

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023 Apr 10;108(5):1031-1034. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0629. Print 2023 May 3.

Abstract

A worldwide pandemic of viral infection due to SARS-CoV-2 (and its resultant disease, COVID-19) has been ongoing since 2019. Martinique was affected by a major wave in summer 2021, with saturation of the health system forcing the implementation of home care management. We conducted a retrospective, observational study that included patients treated in the KOVIDHOM 972 program. We included adult patients with SARS-CoV2 hypoxemic pneumonia and requiring 4 L per minute or less of oxygen. In total, 418 were discharged to home with oxygen therapy after hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 hypoxemic acute pneumonia, and 416 were analyzed. Half (50.2%) were women. Mean age was 58.8 ± 13.0 years. Time from onset of symptoms to hospitalization was 9.1 ± 3.5 days, and average length of stay was 10.5 ± 7.4 days. Maximum oxygen flow during hospitalization was 6.9 ± 4.5 L/min in patients who did not require intensive care. Average oxygen flow at discharge was 1.8 ± 07 L/min. At 30 days after discharge, the readmission rate was 0.5% (95% CI: 0-1.18), and the death rate was 0.5% (95% CI 0-1.18). Our study shows a very low rate of readmission or death in COVID-19 patients discharged to home with oxygen therapy. These results highlight the possibility of safe home care in carefully selected patients. Such programs could be useful in pandemic or wide-scale emergency situations.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • COVID-19*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Martinique
  • Middle Aged
  • Outpatients
  • Oxygen
  • Patient Discharge
  • RNA, Viral
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
  • Respiratory Insufficiency*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2

Substances

  • RNA, Viral
  • Oxygen