Bioremediation of phenanthrene in saline-alkali soil by biochar- immobilized moderately halophilic bacteria combined with Suaeda salsa L

Changzheng Cui; Jiamin Shen; Yi Zhu; Xin Chen; Siyuan Liu; Jie Yang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163279

Bioremediation of phenanthrene in saline-alkali soil by biochar- immobilized moderately halophilic bacteria combined with Suaeda salsa L

Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jul 1:880:163279. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163279. Epub 2023 Apr 3.

Authors

Changzheng Cui¹, Jiamin Shen², Yi Zhu³, Xin Chen², Siyuan Liu², Jie Yang⁴

Affiliations

¹ State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
² State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
³ Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Shanghai 200232, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
⁴ State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China. Electronic address: yangj@saes.sh.cn.

PMID: 37019226
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163279

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated saline-alkali soil is commonly salinized and hardened, which leads to low self-purification efficiency, making it difficult to reuse and remediate. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate remediation of PAH contaminated saline-alkali soil using biochar-immobilized Martelella sp. AD-3, and Suaeda salsa L (S. salsa). Reduction in phenanthrene concentration, PAH degradation functional genes, and the microbial community in the soil were analyzed. The soil properties and plant growth parameters were also analyzed. After a 40-day remediation, the removal rate of phenanthrene by biochar-immobilized bacteria combined with S. salsa (MBP group) was 91.67 %. Additionally, soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) reduced by 0.15 and 1.78 ds/m, respectively. The fresh weight and leaf pigment contents increased by 1.30 and 1.35 times, respectively, which effectively alleviated the growth pressure on S. salsa in PAH-contaminated saline-alkali soil. Furthermore, this remediation resulted in abundance of PAH degradation functional genes in the soil, with a value of 2.01 × 10³ copies/g. The abundance of other PAH degraders such as Halomonas, Marinobacter, and Methylophaga in soil also increased. Furthermore, the highest abundance of Martelella genus was observed after the MBP treatment, indicating that strain AD-3 has a higher survival ability in the rhizosphere of S. salsa under the protection of biochar. This study provides a green, low-cost technique for remediation of PAH-contaminated saline-alkali soils.

Keywords: Biochar; Bioremediation; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Saline-alkali soil; Suaeda salsa L..

MeSH terms

Alkalies
Bacteria / metabolism
Biodegradation, Environmental
Chenopodiaceae* / metabolism
Phenanthrenes*
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons* / metabolism
Soil / chemistry
Soil Microbiology
Soil Pollutants* / metabolism

Substances

biochar
Soil
Alkalies
Soil Pollutants
phenanthrene
Phenanthrenes
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons