Insights into the Molecular Epidemiology of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia in Terms of O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e Sublineage Expansion

Viktor Nikiforov; Alexey Shcherbakov; Ilya Chvala; Svetlana Kremenchugskaya; Fedor Korennoy; Tamara Mayorova; Anna Timina; Samat Tyulegenov; Sarsenbay Abdrakhmanov; Maksat Berdikulov; Tserenchimed Sainnokhoi; Delgerzul Gombo-Ochir; Tsagaan Tserenchimed; Larisa Prokhvatilova; Alexander Sprygin

doi:10.3390/v15030598

Insights into the Molecular Epidemiology of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia in Terms of O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e Sublineage Expansion

Viruses. 2023 Feb 21;15(3):598. doi: 10.3390/v15030598.

Authors

Viktor Nikiforov¹, Alexey Shcherbakov¹, Ilya Chvala¹, Svetlana Kremenchugskaya¹, Fedor Korennoy¹, Tamara Mayorova¹, Anna Timina¹, Samat Tyulegenov², Sarsenbay Abdrakhmanov², Maksat Berdikulov³, Tserenchimed Sainnokhoi⁴, Delgerzul Gombo-Ochir⁴, Tsagaan Tserenchimed⁴, Larisa Prokhvatilova¹, Alexander Sprygin¹

Affiliations

¹ Federal Center for Animal Health, Vladimir 600901, Russia.
² S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
³ RSE National Veterinary Reference Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
⁴ State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia.

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has long been recognized as a highly contagious, transboundary disease of livestock incurring substantial losses and burdens to animal production and trade across Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Due to the recent emergence of the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 lineage globally contributing to the expansion of FMD, molecular epidemiological investigations help in tracing the evolution of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) across endemic and newly affected regions. In this work, our phylogenetic analysis reveals that the recent FMDV incursions in Russia, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan in 2021-2022 were due to the virus belonging to the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e sublineage, belonging to the cluster from Cambodian FMDV isolates. The studied isolates varied by 1.0-4.0% at the VP1 nucleotide level. Vaccine matching tests indicated that the vaccination policy in the subregion should be tailored according to the peculiarities of the ongoing epidemiologic situation. The current vaccination should change from such vaccine strains as O₁ Manisa (ME-SA), O no 2102/Zabaikalsky/2010 (O/ME-SA/Mya-98) (r₁ = 0.05-0.28) to strains that most closely antigenically match the dominant lineage O No. 2212/Primorsky/2014 (O O/ME-SA//Mya-98) and O No. 2311/Zabaikalsky/2016 (O ME-SA/Ind-2001) (r₁ = 0.66-1.0).

Keywords: VP1; epidemiology; evolution; foot-and-mouth disease.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus*
Foot-and-Mouth Disease*
Kazakhstan / epidemiology
Molecular Epidemiology
Mongolia / epidemiology
Phylogeny
Russia / epidemiology
Serogroup

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a grant No. 075-15-2021-1054 from the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia to implement objectives of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of genetic technologies during 2019–2027.