Comparison of BODE and ADO Indices in Predicting COPD-Related Medical Costs

Abstract

Background and Objectives:The ADO (age, dyspnea, and airflow obstruction) and BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) indices are often used to evaluate the prognoses for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD); however, an index suitable for predicting medical costs has yet to be developed. Materials and Methods: We investigated the BODE and ADO indices to predict medical costs and compare their predictive power. A total of 396 patients with COPD were retrospectively enrolled. Results: For hospitalization frequencies, BODE was R² = 0.093 (p < 0.001), and ADO was R² = 0.065 (p < 0.001); for hospitalization days, BODE was R² = 0.128 (p < 0.001), and ADO was R² = 0.071 (p < 0.001); for hospitalization expenses, BODE was R² = 0.020 (p = 0.047), and ADO was R² = 0.012 (p = 0.179). BODE and ADO did not differ significantly in the numbers of outpatient visits (BODE, R² = 0.012, p = 0.179; ADO, R² = 0.017, p = 0.082); outpatient medical expenses (BODE, R² = 0.012, p = 0.208; ADO, R² = 0.008, p = 0.364); and total medical costs (BODE, R² = 0.018, p = 0.072; ADO, R² = 0.016, p = 0.098). In conclusion, BODE and ADO indices were correlated with hospitalization frequency and hospitalization days. However, the BODE index exhibits slightly better predictive accuracy than the ADO index in these items.

Keywords: ADO index; BODE index; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; medical cost; prediction.