A Fatal Case of Neuroblastoma Complicated by Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy with Rapidly Evolving Transplantation-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy

Motohiro Matsui; Atsushi Makimoto; Yuya Saito; Mikako Enokizono; Kentaro Matsuoka; Yuki Yuza

doi:10.3390/children10030506

A Fatal Case of Neuroblastoma Complicated by Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy with Rapidly Evolving Transplantation-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy

Children (Basel). 2023 Mar 3;10(3):506. doi: 10.3390/children10030506.

Authors

Motohiro Matsui^{1

2}, Atsushi Makimoto^{1

3}, Yuya Saito⁴, Mikako Enokizono⁵, Kentaro Matsuoka^{3

6}, Yuki Yuza¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan.
² Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
³ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan.
⁴ Department of Pediatrics, Tama-Hokubu Medical Center, Tokyo 189-8511, Japan.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan.
⁶ Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan.

Abstract

Background: Transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a severe complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is sometimes fatal.

Observations: A 4-year-old, male patient with stage M neuroblastoma (NBL) who had received an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from his sibling five months previously presented with rapidly progressive posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES) complicated with TA-TMA. Although the patient was transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit, he died within one week after the onset of the latest symptoms.

Conclusions: This is the first description of a fatal case of NBL complicated by PRES with rapidly evolving TA-TMA after an allogenic BMT.

Keywords: bone marrow transplantation (BMT); children; neuroblastoma; progressive posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES); transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA).

Publication types

Case Reports

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.