2D-nanomaterials for AKI treatment

Qiaohui Chen; Xiaoyuan Wang; Chao Yuan; Yayun Nan; Qiong Huang; Kelong Ai

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1159989

2D-nanomaterials for AKI treatment

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023 Mar 9:11:1159989. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1159989. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Qiaohui Chen^{1

2}, Xiaoyuan Wang^{2

3}, Chao Yuan^{2

3}, Yayun Nan⁴, Qiong Huang^{1

5}, Kelong Ai^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
² Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
³ Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
⁴ Geriatric Medical Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
⁵ National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Abstract

Acute kidney injury has always been considered a sword of Damocles over hospitalized patients and has received increasing attention due to its high morbidity, elevated mortality, and poor prognosis. Hence, AKI has a serious detrimental impact not only on the patients, but also on the whole society and the associated health insurance systems. Redox imbalance caused by bursts of reactive oxygen species at the renal tubules is the key cause of the structural and functional impairment of the kidney during AKI. Unfortunately, the failure of conventional antioxidant drugs complicates the clinical management of AKI, which is limited to mild supportive therapies. Nanotechnology-mediated antioxidant therapies represent a promising strategy for AKI management. In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, a new subtype of nanomaterials with ultrathin layer structure, have shown significant advantages in AKI therapy owing to their ultrathin structure, large specific surface area, and unique kidney targeting. Herein, we review recent progress in the development of various 2D nanomaterials for AKI therapy, including DNA origami, germanene, and MXene; moreover, we discuss current opportunities and future challenges in the field, aiming to provide new insights and theoretical support for the development of novel 2D nanomaterials for AKI treatment.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; antioxidant therapy; nanomaterials; targeted therapy; two-dimension.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81974508, 21974134), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2021JJ31066), the Hunan Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar of China (No. 2021JJ10067), Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University (No. 202045005), Central South University Research Programme of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies (2023QYJC017), Key Research Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2021 of China (Major Project) (No. 2021BEG01001), Key Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2022AAC02058).