Cell-based wound dressing: Bilayered PCL/gelatin nanofibers-alginate/collagen hydrogel scaffold loaded with mesenchymal stem cells

Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Jun 1:239:124099. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124099. Epub 2023 Mar 21.

Abstract

Wound dressing is applied to promote the healing process, wound protection, and additionally regeneration of injured skin. In this study, a bilayer scaffold composed of a hydrogel and nanofibers was fabricated to improve the regeneration of injured skin. To this end, polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL/Gel) nanofibers were electrospun directly on the prepared collagen/alginate (Col/Alg) hydrogel. The bilayer scaffold was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), mechanical properties, and swelling/degradation time. Cytotoxicity assays were evaluated using MTT assay. Then, the nanofiber and bilayer scaffolds were seeded with Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). ADSCs were isolated from rat adipose tissue and analyzed using flow cytometry, in advance. Full-thickness wounds on the backs of rats were dressed with ADSCs-seeded bilayer scaffolds and nanofibers. Histopathological evaluations were performed after 14 and 21 days using H&E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining. The results indicated that re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen remodeling were enhanced in ADSCs-seeded bilayer scaffolds and nanofibers in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, the best re-epithelialization, collagen organization, neovascularization, and low presence of inflammation in the wound area were observed in the ADSCs-seeded bilayer scaffolds.

Keywords: Hydrogel; Nanofiber; Wound healing.

MeSH terms

  • Alginates
  • Animals
  • Bandages
  • Collagen
  • Gelatin
  • Hydrogels
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells*
  • Nanofibers*
  • Rats
  • Tissue Scaffolds

Substances

  • Gelatin
  • Hydrogels
  • Alginates
  • Collagen