[Research progress of platelet-rich plasma in treatment of discogenic low back pain]

Abstract

Objective: To summarize the research progress of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of discogenic low back pain (DLBP).

Methods: The literature on the treatment of DLBP with PRP was extensively reviewed, and the classification, treatment mechanism, in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical trial progress of PRP were summarized.

Results: According to the PRP composition, preparation methods, and physicochemical properties, there are five commonly used PRP classification systems at present. PRP is involved in delaying or reversing the progress of disc degeneration and pain control by promoting the regeneration of nucleus pulposus cells, increasing the synthesis of extracellular matrix, and regulating the internal microenvironment of degenerative intervertebral disc. Although several in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that PRP can promote disc regeneration and repair, significantly relieve pain, and even improve the mobility of DLBP patients. But the contrary conclusion has been reached in a few studies, and there are limitations to the application of PRP.

Conclusion: Current studies have confirmed the effectiveness and safety of PRP in the treatment of DLBP and intervertebral disc degeneration, as well as the advantages of PRP in terms of ease of extraction and preparation, low immunological rejection, high regenerative and repair capacity, and the ability to compensate for the shortcomings of traditional treatment modalities. However, relevant studies are still needed to further optimize PRP preparation methods, unify systematic classification guidelines, and clarify its long-term effectiveness.

Keywords: Platelet-rich plasma; discogenic low back pain; growth factor; intervertebral disc degeneration.