Mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling of sonicate fluid differentiates Staphylococcus aureus periprosthetic joint infection from non-infectious failure: A pilot study

Cody R Fisher; Kiran K Mangalaparthi; Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance; Matthew P Abdel; Akhilesh Pandey; Robin Patel

doi:10.1002/prca.202200071

Mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling of sonicate fluid differentiates Staphylococcus aureus periprosthetic joint infection from non-infectious failure: A pilot study

Proteomics Clin Appl. 2023 Sep;17(5):e2200071. doi: 10.1002/prca.202200071. Epub 2023 Mar 27.

Authors

Cody R Fisher^{1

2}, Kiran K Mangalaparthi³, Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance², Matthew P Abdel⁴, Akhilesh Pandey^{3

5}, Robin Patel^{2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
² Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
³ Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
⁴ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
⁵ Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
⁶ Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Abstract

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to use proteomic profiling of sonicate fluid samples to compare host response during Staphylococcus aureus-associated periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and non-infected arthroplasty failure (NIAF) and identify potential novel biomarkers differentiating the two.

Experimental design: In this pilot study, eight sonicate fluid samples (four from NIAF and four from S. aureus PJI) were studied. Samples were reduced, alkylated, and trypsinized overnight, followed by analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on a high-resolution Orbitrap Eclipse mass spectrometer. MaxQuant software suite was used for protein identification, filtering, and label-free quantitation.

Results: Principal component analysis of the identified proteins clearly separated S. aureus PJI and NIAF samples. Overall, 810 proteins were identified based on their detection in at least three out of four samples from each group; 35 statistically significant differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were found (two-sample t-test p-values ≤0.05 and log₂ fold-change values ≥2 or ≤-2). Gene ontology pathway analysis found that microbial defense responses, specifically those related to neutrophil activation, to be increased in S. aureus PJI compared to NIAF samples.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: Proteomic profiling of sonicate fluid using LC-MS/MS differentiated S. aureus PJI and NIAF in this pilot study. Further work is needed using a larger sample size and including non-S. aureus PJI and a diversty of NIAF-types.

Keywords: label-free quantitation; periprosthetic joint infection; quantitative proteomics; sonicate fluid; total joint arthroplasty.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Chromatography, Liquid
Humans
Pilot Projects
Prosthesis-Related Infections* / diagnosis
Proteomics
Staphylococcus aureus*
Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding