High-depth next-generation sequencing panel testing in the evaluation of arteriovenous malformations

Am J Med Genet A. 2023 Jun;191(6):1518-1524. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63171. Epub 2023 Mar 16.

Abstract

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular lesions in which an overgrowth of blood vessels of varying sizes develops with one or more direct connections between the arterial and venous circulation. We performed a retrospective review of a cohort of 54 patients with AVMs referred to our clinical genomic laboratory for high-depth next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel of Disorders of Somatic Mosaicism (DoSM). Thirty-seven of 54 patients were female (68.5%). Among the 54 cases, 37 (68.5%) cases had pathogenic and/or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants identified, two cases (3.7%) had variants of uncertain clinical significance, and the remaining 15 cases (27.8%) had negative results. MAP2K1 variants were found in 12 cases, followed by eight cases with KRAS variants and seven with TEK variants, and the remainder being identified in several other genes on the panel. Among the 37 positive cases, 32 cases had somatic alterations only; the remaining five cases had at least one germline P/LP variant, including four cases with PTEN and one with RASA1. Of note, two cases had the unexpected co-existence of two P/LP variants. In summary, this study illustrated the molecular diagnostic yield (68.5%) of this cohort of patients with a clinical indication of AVMs by our high-depth DoSM NGS panel.

Keywords: arteriovenous malformations; next-generation sequencing; somatic mosaicism.

MeSH terms

  • Arteriovenous Malformations* / diagnosis
  • Arteriovenous Malformations* / genetics
  • Chromosome Aberrations
  • Female
  • Germ-Line Mutation
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mutation
  • p120 GTPase Activating Protein / genetics

Substances

  • RASA1 protein, human
  • p120 GTPase Activating Protein