Periodontal disease is associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease independent of sex: A meta-analysis

Yurong Leng; Qinwen Hu; Qin Ling; Xiongda Yao; Menglu Liu; Jiawei Chen; Zhiwei Yan; Qun Dai

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1114927

Periodontal disease is associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease independent of sex: A meta-analysis

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Feb 27:10:1114927. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1114927. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yurong Leng^{1

2

3}, Qinwen Hu⁴, Qin Ling⁴, Xiongda Yao⁴, Menglu Liu⁵, Jiawei Chen⁴, Zhiwei Yan⁶, Qun Dai^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
² The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
³ Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
⁴ The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
⁵ Department of Cardiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China.
⁶ Department of Sports Rehabilitation, College of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China.

Abstract

Objectives: Studies have established a link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but it is unclear whether there is a sex difference in their association.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched until June, 21 2022. Cardiovascular outcomes included any CVD, myocardial infarction (MI), coronary heart disease (CHD), or stroke. Studies reported the prevalence of CVD in patients with periodontal disease and the relationship between periodontal disease and CVD. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022333663). The level of evidence and recommendations is assessed by the Grading of Recommendations for Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Results: Twenty-six studies were included. In patients with periodontal disease, the prevalence of CVD was 7.2% [9 studies; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.7-13.6%], and prevalence for CHD, hypertension, stroke, and heart failure was 6.6, 25.3, 1, and 1.1%, respectively. There was a significant association between periodontal disease and CVD in men [odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.12-1.34] and women (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05-1.17), with no significant sex difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease is relatively common in patients with periodontal disease, and an increased risk of CVD is associated with periodontal disease independent of sex. Interventions targeting periodontal disease may be beneficial for CVD.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022333663.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; epidemiology; periodontal disease; prevalence; sex difference.

Publication types

Systematic Review