Safety and efficacy of immunotherapy according to the age threshold of 80 years

Abstract

Background: To compare safety and efficacy of ICIs among patients<80 and those ≥80 years of age.

Methods: A single-center retrospective observational cohort study comparing patients<80 and ≥80 years of age matched for cancer site (lung vs others) and participation in a clinical trial.

Primary endpoint: grade ≥2 toxicity during the first three months of ICI therapy. The two groups were compared using univariate and multivariate regression.

Results: Two hundred and ten consecutive patients were recruited, with the following characteristics: mean age: 66.5±16.8, 20% aged ≥80 years, 75% male, 97% ECOG-PS ≤ 2, 78% G8-index ≤ 14/17, 80% lung or kidney cancer, and 97% metastatic cancer. The grade ≥2 toxicity rate during the first three months of ICI therapy was 68%. Patients aged ≥80 years of age had a more significant (P<0.05) proportion of grade ≥2 non-hematological toxicities (64% vs 45%) than those aged<80 years: rash (14% vs 4%), arthralgia (7.1% vs 0.6%), colitis (4.7% vs 0.6%), cytolysis (7.1% vs 1.2%), gastrointestinal bleeding (2.4% vs 0%), onycholysis (2.4% vs 0%), oral mucositis (2.4% vs 0%), psoriasis (2.4% vs 0%), or other skin toxicities (25% vs 3%). Efficacy among patients ≥80 and<80 years of age was comparable.

Conclusions: Although non-hematological toxicities affected 20% more patients aged ≥80 years, hematological toxicities and efficacy were comparable between patients aged ≥80 and<80 years with advanced cancer and treated with ICIs.

Keywords: 80 and over; Aged; Cancer métastatique; Différences sexuelles; Efficacité; Efficacy; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immune-related adverse events; Inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaires; Metastatic cancer; Sex-specific differences; Âgé de 80 ans et plus; Événements indésirables liés au système immunitaire.