Hypertrophic scar (HS) affects the function and beauty of patients, and brings a heavy psychological burden to patients. However, the specific pathogenesis mechanism of HS in molecular biology level is not yet clear, and this disease is still one of the clinical diseases difficult to prevent and cure. MicroRNA (miR) is a family of single-stranded endogenous noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression. The abnormal transcription of miR in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts can affect the transduction and expression of downstream signal pathway or protein, and the exploration of miR and its downstream signal pathway and protein helps deeply understand the occurrence and development mechanism of scar hyperplasia. This article summarized and analyzed how miR and multiple signal pathways involve in the formation and development of HS in recent years, and further outlined the interaction between miR and target genes in HS.
增生性瘢痕（HS）影响患者功能与美观，给患者带来沉重的心理负担，但其具体的分子生物学水平发病机制尚不明确，因此该病仍然是临床难防难治疾病之一。微小RNA（miR）是一类具有调节基因表达作用的单链内源性非编码RNA。miR在HS的成纤维细胞内的异常转录可影响下游信号通路或蛋白的转导与表达，对miR及其下游信号通路、蛋白的探究有助于深入了解瘢痕增生的发生和发展机制。该文总结并分析近年来miR与多种信号通路如何参与HS的形成与发展，并进一步概述miR与HS中靶基因之间的相互作用。.