Perceptions and practices of urban slum-dwelling women concerning soil-transmitted helminths infections in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Mandira Mukutmoni; Fahmida Tasnim Liza; Rawnaq Ara Parvin; Tilak Chandra Nath

doi:10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00291

Perceptions and practices of urban slum-dwelling women concerning soil-transmitted helminths infections in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2023 Feb 17:21:e00291. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00291. eCollection 2023 May.

Authors

Mandira Mukutmoni¹, Fahmida Tasnim Liza¹, Rawnaq Ara Parvin², Tilak Chandra Nath³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
² Department of Sociology, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
³ Department of Parasitology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Abstract

Introduction: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) infections are still attributed to a significant part of mortality and disabilities in developing nations. This study aimed at exploring the perceptions and practices concerning STH and to assess the associated risk of infections among slum-dwelling women of Dhaka South City Corporations (DSCC), Bangladesh.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two selected slums (Malibagh and Lalbagh) of DSCC, Bangladesh, from September 2020 to February 2021. A total of 206 women participants were requested to provide stool samples, followed by a semi-structured questionnaire survey. Parasitological assessment was done by the formol-ether concentration (FEC) technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was estimated using logistic regression analysis to examine the association between explanatory and outcome factors.

Results: In total, 36 (17.5%) STH infections were observed out of 206 examined participants. Among the STH, Trichuris trichiura showed the highest prevalence (10.7%), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (5.3%). Lack of formal education, overcrowded living, large family sizes, and using shared toilets were significantly associated with STH infections. Irregular nail cutting (AOR = 3.12), irregular soap usage after toilet (AOR = 2.98), wearing no shoes (AOR = 4.64), and failing to teach kids to wash their hands (AOR = 3.87) were revealed as practice concerns linked to high STH prevalence. Women, who had never heard about STH (AOR = 2.42) and had no misconceptions regarding STH (AOR = 1.94) were positively related to STH infection in this study.

Conclusion: Slum-dwelling women in Bangladesh still had a substantial infection of STH. Most of the communities under study were unaware of parasite infection and its negative effects on health. Revision of the policy of ongoing anthelmintic distribution programs and widespread health education programs are recommended aimed at controlling STH.

Keywords: Bangladesh; DSCC, Dhaka South City Corporations; OSC, Out of School Children; PSAC, Pre School-Aged Children; Perceptions; Practices; SAC, School Aged Children; SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals; SPSS, Statistical Package for Social Sciences; STH, Soil-Transmitted Helminths; Soil-transmitted helminths; WHO, World Health Organization; WRA, Woman of Reproductive Aged.; Women.