Development of ZnO/SnO2/rGO hybrid nanocomposites for effective photocatalytic degradation of toxic dye pollutants from aquatic ecosystems

Abstract

The impact of ZnO/SnO₂/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (ZnO/SnO₂/rGO NCs) for improved photocatalytic degradation of organic dye pollution is examined in this study. The developed ternary nanocomposites had a variety of characteristics that were detected, such as crystallinity, recombination of photogenerated charge carriers, energy gap, and surface morphologies. When rGO was added to the mixture, the optical band gap energy of ZnO/SnO₂ was lowered, which improved the photocatalytic activity. Additionally, in comparison to ZnO, ZnO/rGO, SnO₂/rGO samples, the ZnO/SnO₂/rGO nanocomposites demonstrated exceptional photocatalytic effectiveness for the destruction of orange II (99.8%) and reactive red 120 dye (97.02%), respectively after 120 min exposure to sunlight. The high electron transport properties of the rGO layers, which make it feasible to efficiently separate electron-hole pairs, are attributed to the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/SnO₂/rGO nanocomposites. According to the results, synthesized ZnO/SnO₂/rGO nanocomposites are a cost-efficient option for removing dye pollutants from an aqueous ecosystem. Studies show that ZnO/SnO₂/rGO nanocomposites are effective photocatalysts and may one day serve as the ideal material to reduce water pollution.

Keywords: Dye degradation; Photocatalysis; Ternary nanocomposite; ZnO/SnO(2)/rGO.