Dental fluorosis is a developmental disturbance of dental enamel caused by excessive fluoride intake during tooth development, leading to the changes in morphology, structure and function of tooth enamel, which can affect the aesthetics and function of teeth. There are many factors which may account for the occurrence of dental fluorosis. However, the pathogenesis mechanism underlying dental fluorosis has not been fully clarified.In recent years, researches in the fields of fluoride-induced stress response pathways, signaling pathways and apoptosis at the molecular and genetic level had provided extensive knowledge of dental fluorosis. This article focuses on the latest research progress in the mechanism of dental fluorosis, which include the effects of fluoride on ameloblasts and enamel matrix proteins, genetic polymorphism and dietary nutrients, in order to provide new references for the targeted prevention and treatment of dental fluorosis.
氟牙症是指牙发育形成期间，机体摄入过量氟引起牙釉质形态、结构和功能改变的牙发育性疾病，可影响患牙的美观和功能。氟牙症的发生受多种因素影响，但其具体发生机制尚不明确。近年来，氟化物诱导应激通路、信号通路和细胞凋亡等领域分子水平和基因水平的研究，深化了对氟牙症发生机制的认识。本文重点阐述氟牙症发生机制的新进展，包括氟对成釉细胞和釉基质蛋白的影响、基因多态性和膳食营养因素，以期为氟牙症的精准防治提供新思路。.