Background: Patients with a 5-year recurrence-free survival post liver resection for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) are considered to be potentially cured. However, there is a deficit of data on long-term follow-up and the recurrence status among these patients in the Chinese population. We analyzed real-world follow-up data of patients with CRLM who underwent hepatectomy, explored the recurrence patterns, and established a prediction model for a potential cure scenario.
Methods: Patients who underwent radical hepatic resection for CRLM during 2000-2016, with actual follow-up data for at least 5 years, were enrolled. The observed survival rate was calculated and compared among the groups with different recurrence patterns. The predictive factors for 5-year non-recurrence were determined using logistic regression analysis; a recurrence-free survival model was developed to predict long-term survival.
Results: A total of 433 patients were included, of whom 113 patients were found non-recurrence after 5 years follow-up, with a potential cure rate of 26.1%. Patients with late recurrence (>5 months) and lung relapse showed significantly superior survival. Repeated localized treatment significantly improved the long-term survival of patients with intrahepatic or extrahepatic recurrences. Multivariate analysis showed that RAS wild-type CRC, preoperative CEA <10 ng/ml, and liver metastases ≤3 were independent factors for a 5-year disease-free recurrence. A cure model was developed based on the above factors, achieving good performance in predicting long-term survival.
Conclusions: About one quarter patients with CRLM could achieve potential cure with non-recurrence at 5-year after surgery. The recurrence-free cure model could well distinguish the long-term survival, which would aid clinicians in determining the treatment strategy.
Keywords: colorectal cancer; hepatectomy; liver metastasis; survival.
© 2023 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.