Comparative investigation on variations of nutritional components in whole seeds and seed coats of Korean black soybeans for different crop years and screening of their antioxidant and anti-aging properties

Jin Hwan Lee; Eun Young Seo; Young Min Lee

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100572

Comparative investigation on variations of nutritional components in whole seeds and seed coats of Korean black soybeans for different crop years and screening of their antioxidant and anti-aging properties

Food Chem X. 2023 Jan 9:17:100572. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100572. eCollection 2023 Mar 30.

Authors

Jin Hwan Lee¹, Eun Young Seo¹, Young Min Lee¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Life Resource Industry, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

This research was conducted to demonstrate the comparisons of nutritional constituents (isoflavone; anthocyanin; protein; fatty acid; oil) and biological properties (antioxidant, anti-aging) in whole seeds and seed coats of black soybeans for crop years. Isoflavones and anthocyanins showed considerable differences in cultivars and growth years with the ranges of 794.9-4195.3 μg/g and 2.3-14.4 mg/g, while other components exhibited slight variations. In particular, malonylgenistin and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were observed the most abundant phenolics, comprising approximately 35.5 (778.0 μg/g) and 76.7% (4.6 mg/g) of total average contents (isoflavone: 2197.8 μg/g; anthocyanin: 6.0 mg/g). Moreover, the whole seeds and seed coats displayed excellent activities in antioxidant (radical; DNA protectant), tyrosinase inhibition, and elastase inhibition. Their effects significantly occurred with dose-dependent patterns as follows: elastase (150 μg/mL) > tyrosinase (600 μg/mL) > ABTS (1500 μg/mL) > DPPH (1500 μg/mL) with higher abilities of seed coats than whole seeds. The DNA protection exhibited higher rates in seed coats with > 90% at 200 μg/mL. Natably, Socheong (isoflavone; 4182.4 μg/g) and Geomjeong 2 (anthocyanin: 10.3 mg/g) cultivars may be recommended as potential sources to the development of functional agents and new cultivars owing to their high average phenolic contents.

Keywords: ABTS, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid); Acetylglycitin (PubChem CID: 53398650); Antioxidant; Black soybean; C3G, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside; Cyanidin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 12303203); DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl; Daidzein (PubChem CID: 5281708); Daidzin (PubChem CID: 107971); Delphinidin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 443650); Enzyme inhibition; Genistein (PubChem CID: 5280961); Genistin (PubChem CID: 5281377); Glycitein (PubChem CID: 5317750); Glycitin (PubChem CID: 187808); HPLC; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography, D3G, delphinidine-3-O-glucoside; Malonyldaidzin (PubChem CID: 9913968); Malonylgenistin (PubChem CID: 90658001); Malonylglycitin (PubChem CID: 23724657); NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; Nutritional component; P3G, petunidin-3-O-glucoside; Petunidin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 443651); Phenolic.