ModAsian FINDRISC as a Screening Tool for People with Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Vietnam: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Long Doan; Huong T Nguyen; Thao T P Nguyen; Thi Thuy Linh Phan; Le Duc Huy; Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen; Thuoc Phuoc Doan

doi:10.2147/JMDH.S398455

ModAsian FINDRISC as a Screening Tool for People with Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Vietnam: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

J Multidiscip Healthc. 2023 Feb 17:16:439-449. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S398455. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Long Doan¹, Huong T Nguyen², Thao T P Nguyen³, Thi Thuy Linh Phan⁴, Le Duc Huy⁴, Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen⁴, Thuoc Phuoc Doan²

Affiliations

¹ Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.
² Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.
³ Institute for Community Health Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.
⁴ Health Personnel Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.

Abstract

Purpose: Our study aims to evaluate the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in the next 10 years using ModAsian FINDRISC and additionally explore associated factors among the Vietnam population.

Participants and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2258 participants aged 25 years old or above in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam. The sample size is calculated based on the estimated sensitivity, and participants were randomly selected from different geographical and socio-economic areas. All participants were thoroughly medically examined, taking blood lipid profile and fasting blood glucose, taking blood pressure, anthropometric indexes, 12-lead electrocardiogram, and behavioral factors were investigated using the Vietnamese version of the WHO STEPS toolkit. The risk of developing T2DM was made based on the ModAsian FINDRISC.

Results: The incidence of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus among the study population was 4.21%. The group with a high or very high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in the next 10 years accounted for 2.52%. Body mass index (AUC = 0.840, 95% CI: 0.792-0.888), waist circumference (AUC = 0.824, 95% CI: 0.777-0.871), family history of diabetes mellitus (AUC = 0.751, 95% CI = 0.668-0.833), and history of antihypertensive medication use regularly (AUC = 0.708, 95% CI: 0.632-0.784) are the most associated factors of the ModAsian FINDRISC. Residential location (OR = 5.62, 95% CI: 1.91-16.54) and occupational status (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.20-0.62) were significant factors associated with a high and very high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in the next 10 year.

Conclusion: Screening for the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and implementing intervention programs focusing on controlling weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure are essential for reducing type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence and burden in Vietnam.

Keywords: ModAsian FINDRISC; Vietnam; noncommunicable diseases; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Grants and funding

The study was fully funded by Hue University (number: DHH2020-04-121).