Bell's palsy and pregnancy: Incidence, comorbidities and complications. A meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature

Abstract

Objectives: Data on the association between Bell's palsy (BP) and pregnancy is scarce and there is an ongoing debate regarding the association of BP and pregnancy.

Main outcome measures: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of BP among pregnant patients and determine the frequency of pregnant women in BP cohorts and vice versa, assess which term of the pregnancy and peripartum bears a higher risk for BP occurrence, and determine the prevalence of maternal comorbidities associated with BP during pregnancy.

Design: Meta analysis.

Settings: Screening standard articles and extracting data from Ovid MEDLINE (1960-2021), Embase (1960-2021), and Web of Science (1960-2021). All study types were included except for case reports.

Measures: Data were pooled by means of both fixed and random-effects models.

Results: The search strategy identified 147 records. Twenty-five of the studies that met our inclusion criteria described 809 pregnant patients with BP in a total of 11,813 BP patients and they were included in the meta-analysis. The incidence of BP among the pregnant patients was 0.05%; The incidence of pregnant patients among all BP patients was 6.62%. Most of the BP occurrences were during the third trimester (68.82%). The pooled incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus; hypertension; pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and fetal complications among the pregnant patients with BP was 6.3%, 13.97%, 9.54%, and 6.74%, respectively.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis revealed a low incidence of BP during pregnancy. A Higher proportion occurred during the third trimester. The association of BP and pregnancy warrants further exploration.

Keywords: Bell's palsy; pregnancy; risk factor.