Why do patients with hypopituitarism still present an increased mortality?

Fahim Ebrahimi; Emanuel Christ

doi:10.1016/j.ando.2023.02.002

Why do patients with hypopituitarism still present an increased mortality?

Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2023 Apr;84(2):285-290. doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2023.02.002. Epub 2023 Feb 19.

Authors

Fahim Ebrahimi¹, Emanuel Christ²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
² Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: emanuel.christ@usb.ch.

PMID: 36809815
DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2023.02.002

Abstract

Hypopituitarism is defined as a lack or decreased secretion of one or several pituitary hormones. It can result from diseases of the pituitary gland or from pathologies of the superior regulatory center, i.e. the hypothalamus, thereby decreasing hypothalamic releasing hormones and consequently the pituitary hormones. It is still a rare disease with an estimated prevalence of 30-45 patients/100,000 and an incidence of 4-5/100,000/year. This review summarizes the currently available data with a focus on etiologies of hypopituitarism, evidence on mortality rates in patients with hypopituitarism, temporal trends in mortality , and associated diseases, pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors that affect mortality risk in these patients.

Keywords: Cerebro- and cardiovascular disease; Etiology of hypopituitarism; Hypopituitarism; Mortality rate.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Hypopituitarism* / epidemiology
Hypopituitarism* / etiology
Hypopituitarism* / pathology
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland / pathology
Pituitary Hormones
Risk Factors

Substances

Pituitary Hormones