Enhanced diesel emissions at low ambient temperature: hazardous materials in fine particles

Wei W Song; Wen X Fang; Huan Liu; Wen L Li; Zhi Zhang; Chun H Li; Dajiang Yu; Qing Zhao; Xian S Wang; Ke B He

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131011

Enhanced diesel emissions at low ambient temperature: hazardous materials in fine particles

J Hazard Mater. 2023 May 5:449:131011. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131011. Epub 2023 Feb 15.

Authors

Wei W Song¹, Wen X Fang², Huan Liu³, Wen L Li⁴, Zhi Zhang⁵, Chun H Li⁶, Dajiang Yu⁷, Qing Zhao³, Xian S Wang⁸, Ke B He⁹

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: wwwsong@hit.edu.cn.
² State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China.
³ State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
⁴ Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China.
⁶ Harbin Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Harbin 150076, China.
⁷ Longfengshan Regional Background Station, China Meteorological Administration, Heilongjiang 150200, China.
⁸ State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
⁹ State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: hekb@tsinghua.edu.cn.

PMID: 36801719
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131011

Abstract

The emission of fine particles (PM_2.5) from diesel trucks is enhanced by low ambient temperatures, which is a fact that has attracted considerable attention. Carbonaceous matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the dominant hazardous materials in PM_2.5. These materials induce severe adverse effects on air quality and human health and contribute to climate change. The emissions from heavy- and light-duty diesel trucks were tested at an ambient temperature of - 20 to - 13 ℃ and 18-24 ℃. This is the ﬁrst study to quantify the enhanced carbonaceous matter and PAH emissions from diesel trucks at very low ambient temperatures based on an on-road emission test system. Features affecting diesel emissions, including driving speed, vehicle type, and engine certification level, were considered. The emissions of organic carbon, elemental carbon, and PAHs significantly increased from - 20 to - 13 ℃. The empirical results revealed that intensive abatement of diesel emissions at low ambient temperatures could benefit human health and have a positive influence on climate change. Considering the widespread applications worldwide, an investigation into diesel emissions of carbonaceous matter and PAHs in fine particles at low ambient temperatures is urgently required.

Keywords: Carbonaceous matters; Diesel emissions; Low ambient temperature; On-road test; PAHs.