Omics approaches to understanding the efficacy and safety of disease-modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis

Lorena Lorefice; Maristella Pitzalis; Federica Murgia; Giuseppe Fenu; Luigi Atzori; Eleonora Cocco

doi:10.3389/fgene.2023.1076421

Omics approaches to understanding the efficacy and safety of disease-modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis

Front Genet. 2023 Jan 30:14:1076421. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1076421. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Lorena Lorefice¹, Maristella Pitzalis², Federica Murgia³, Giuseppe Fenu⁴, Luigi Atzori¹, Eleonora Cocco¹

Affiliations

¹ Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
² Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy.
³ Dpt of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
⁴ Department of Neurosciences, ARNAS Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy.

Abstract

From the perspective of precision medicine, the challenge for the future is to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of therapeutic responses through the identification of biomarkers. In this framework, the omics sciences (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) and their combined use represent innovative approaches for the exploration of the complexity and heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis (MS). This review examines the evidence currently available on the application of omics sciences to MS, analyses the methods, their limitations, the samples used, and their characteristics, with a particular focus on biomarkers associated with the disease state, exposure to disease-modifying treatments (DMTs), and drug efficacies and safety profiles.

Keywords: disease-modifying treatments; efficacy; genomics; metabolomics; multiple sclerosis; proteomics; safety; transcriptomics.

Publication types

Review