Assessment of preoperative anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary ground-glass opacities: Risk factors and postoperative outcomes

Yu Han; Qiduo Yu; Qianli Ma; Jin Zhang; Yuhui Shi; Zhenrong Zhang; Guangliang Qiang; Fei Xiao; Chaoyang Liang

doi:10.3389/fsurg.2023.1102352

Assessment of preoperative anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary ground-glass opacities: Risk factors and postoperative outcomes

Front Surg. 2023 Jan 30:10:1102352. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1102352. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yu Han^{1

2}, Qiduo Yu^{1

2}, Qianli Ma^{1

2}, Jin Zhang^{1

2}, Yuhui Shi^{1

2}, Zhenrong Zhang^{1

2}, Guangliang Qiang^{1

2}, Fei Xiao^{1

2}, Chaoyang Liang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of General Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
² Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China.

Abstract

Objective: A large number of patients with pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGOs) have anxiety and depression. However, the contributing factors and effects of anxiety and depression on postoperative outcomes are still unclear.

Methods: Clinical data for patients undergoing surgical resection for pulmonary GGOs were collected. We prospectively evaluated levels and risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with GGOs before surgery. The relationship between psychological disorders and postoperative morbidity was evaluated. Quality of life (QoL) was also assessed.

Results: A total of 133 patients were enrolled. Prevalence rates of preoperative anxiety and depression were 26.3% (n = 35) and 18% (n = 24), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed depression [odds ratio(OR) = 16.27, p < 0.001] and multiple GGOs (OR = 3.146, p = 0.033) to be risk factors for preoperative anxiety. Anxiety (OR = 52.166, p < 0.001), age > 60 (OR = 3.601, p = 0.036), and unemployment (OR = 8.248, p = 0.006) were identified as risk factors for preoperative depression. Preoperative anxiety and depression were associated with lower QoL and higher postoperative pain scores. Our results also revealed that the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was higher in patients with than in those without anxiety.

Conclusions: In patients with pulmonary GGOs, comprehensive psychological assessment and appropriate management are required before surgery to improve QoL and reduce postoperative morbidity.

Keywords: anxiety; depression; ground-glass opacity; morbidity; quality of life; tumor.

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-NHLHCRF-YS-04), the Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (NO.ZRJY2021-QM23) and the Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (NO.ZRJY2021-GG07).