Cholera Dynamics and the Emergence of Pandemic Vibrio cholerae

Deepak Balasubramanian; Mario López-Pérez; Salvador Almagro-Moreno

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_7

Cholera Dynamics and the Emergence of Pandemic Vibrio cholerae

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023:1404:127-147. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_7.

Authors

Deepak Balasubramanian^{1

2}, Mario López-Pérez^{1

2

3}, Salvador Almagro-Moreno^{4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
² National Center for Integrated Coastal Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
³ Evolutionary Genomics Group, División de Microbiología, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
⁴ Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. samoreno@ucf.edu.
⁵ National Center for Integrated Coastal Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. samoreno@ucf.edu.

PMID: 36792874
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_7

Abstract

Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the aquatic bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Interestingly, to date, only one major clade has emerged to cause pandemic disease in humans: the clade that encompasses the strains from the O1 and O139 serogroups. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive perspective on the virulence factors and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) associated with the emergence of pandemic V. cholerae strains and highlight novel findings such as specific genomic background or interactions between MGEs that explain their confined distribution. Finally, we discuss pandemic cholera dynamics contextualizing them within the evolution of the bacterium.

Keywords: Cholera; Cholera pandemics; Pathogen emergence; Pathogen evolution; Vibrio cholerae.

MeSH terms

Cholera* / epidemiology
Cholera* / microbiology
Genomics
Humans
Pandemics
Vibrio cholerae* / genetics
Virulence Factors / genetics

Substances

Virulence Factors