Homologation of the Alkyl Side Chain of Antimitotic Phenyl 4-(2-Oxo-3-alkylimidazolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonate Prodrugs Selectively Targeting CYP1A1-Expressing Breast Cancers Improves Their Stability in Rodent Liver Microsomes

J Med Chem. 2023 Feb 23;66(4):2477-2497. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01268. Epub 2023 Feb 13.

Abstract

Phenyl 4-(2-oxo-3-alkylimidazolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonates (PAIB-SOs) are a new family of antimitotic prodrugs bioactivated in breast cancer cells expressing CYP1A1. In this study, we report that the 14C-labeled prototypical PAIB-SO [14C]CEU-818 and its antimitotic counterpart [14C]CEU-602 are distributed in whole mouse body and they show a short half-life in mice. To circumvent this limitation, we evaluated the effect of the homologation of the alkyl side chain of the imidazolidin-2-one moiety of PAIB-SOs. Our studies evidence that PAIB-SOs bearing an n-pentyl side chain exhibit antiproliferative activity in the nanomolar-to-low-micromolar range and a high selectivity toward CYP1A1-positive breast cancer cells. Moreover, the most potent n-pentyl PAIB-SOs were significantly more stable toward rodent liver microsomes. In addition, PAIB-SOs 10 and 14 show significant antitumor activity and low toxicity in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Our study confirms that homologation is a suitable approach to improve the rodent hepatic stability of PAIB-SOs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antimitotic Agents* / chemistry
  • Benzenesulfonates / chemistry
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
  • Mice
  • Microsomes, Liver
  • Neoplasms*
  • Prodrugs* / chemistry
  • Rodentia

Substances

  • Antimitotic Agents
  • Prodrugs
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
  • benzenesulfonic acid
  • Benzenesulfonates