The element chromium (Cr) is a component of several types of alloys found in the environment, or utilized in dentistry, that may cause intraoral metal contact allergy. However, the pathological mechanism of intraoral Cr allergy remains unclear because there is no established animal model of Cr allergy in the oral mucosa. In this study, we established a novel murine model of Cr-induced intraoral metal contact allergy and elucidated the immune response in terms of cytokine profiles and T-cell receptor repertoire. Two sensitizations with Cr plus lipopolysaccharide solution into the postauricular skin were followed by a single Cr challenge of the oral mucosa to generate the intraoral metal contact allergy model. Histological examination revealed that CD3+ T-cells had infiltrated the allergic oral mucosa one day after exposure to the allergen. The increase in T-cell markers and cytokines in allergic oral mucosa was also confirmed via quantitative PCR analysis. We detected Cr-specific T-cells bearing TRAV12D-1-TRAJ22 and natural killer (NK) T-cells in the oral mucosa and lymph nodes. Our model demonstrated that Cr-specific T-cells and potent NKT-cell activation may be involved in the immune responses of Cr-induced intraoral metal contact allergy.
Keywords: allergic contact mucositis; chromium allergy; contact dermatitis; metal allergy.