Cabozantinib, Vandetanib, Pralsetinib and Selpercatinib as Treatment for Progressed Medullary Thyroid Cancer with a Main Focus on Hypertension as Adverse Effect

Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 24;24(3):2312. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032312.

Abstract

This manuscript investigates cabozantinib, vandetanib, pralsetinib, and selpercatinib, four tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which are used to treat advanced and/or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Data on efficacy and safety are presented with the main focus on treatment-related hypertension, a well-known adverse effect (AE) of these TKIs. Taken together, TKI-induced hypertension is rarely a dose-limiting side effect. However, with increasing survival times of patients under treatment, hypertension-associated complications can be expected to be on the rise without proper medication.

Keywords: adverse effects; cabozantinib; clinical trials; hypertension; medullary thyroid cancer; pralsetinib; selpercatinib; tyrosine kinase inhibitors; vandetanib.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine* / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension* / chemically induced
  • Hypertension* / drug therapy
  • Piperidines / adverse effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Thyroid Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Thyroid Neoplasms* / pathology

Substances

  • selpercatinib
  • pralsetinib
  • cabozantinib
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Piperidines

Supplementary concepts

  • Thyroid cancer, medullary

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR), BMWi project 50WB2219 (D.G.).