In vitro evaluation of the color stability and surface roughness of a new composite flow

Gina Khazaal; Maha Daou; Syed-Sarosh Mahdi; Zohaib Ahmed; Elie Maalouf; Gopi Batteni; Syed-Saad B Qasim; Cynthia Kassis; Daniyal Agha; Helene Haddad; Ryan El Hajj Assaf; Carina-Mehanna Zogheib

doi:10.4317/jced.60005

In vitro evaluation of the color stability and surface roughness of a new composite flow

J Clin Exp Dent. 2023 Jan 1;15(1):e43-e50. doi: 10.4317/jced.60005. eCollection 2023 Jan.

Authors

Gina Khazaal¹, Maha Daou², Syed-Sarosh Mahdi^{3

4

5}, Zohaib Ahmed⁶, Elie Maalouf⁷, Gopi Batteni⁴, Syed-Saad B Qasim⁸, Cynthia Kassis⁹, Daniyal Agha¹⁰, Helene Haddad¹, Ryan El Hajj Assaf¹¹, Carina-Mehanna Zogheib¹²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Esthetic and Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon.
² Director of Postgraduate Program in Research and Dental Materials, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon.
³ Dental Section Division of Clinical Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁴ Centre of Clinical Research, Telemedicine and Telepharmacy, School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
⁵ Athena Center for Advanced Research in Healthcare, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
⁶ Research member-New York Chapter NYHDA, USA. College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, NY, USA.
⁷ School of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Lebanon.
⁸ Department of Bio Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 12037, Kuwait.
⁹ Dental Faculty, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon.
¹⁰ Dental Section Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Sohail University, Karachi. 74800, Pakistan.
¹¹ Dr Ryan Assaf's Private Dental Clinic, Beirut Lebanon.
¹² Director of Postgraduate Program in Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the color stability and the surface roughness of a bulk-fill composite flow (SDR® Plus) by comparison to an ORMOCER-based composite (Ceram.x® Universal SphereTEC™) in order to confirm the validity of using SDR® Plus in the anterior region and to allow the prediction of its long-term results.

Material and methods: 35 composite specimens of the same shade (A2), thickness (2mm) and shape of both types of composite were prepared. The specimens were cured and polished according to the manufacturer's instructions. The initial shade of the specimens was measured using a calibrated EasyShade spectrophotometer. The initial surface roughness of the specimens was measured by AFM. Afterwards, the specimens were subjected to an accelerated aging procedure through thermo-cycling, a coffee stain challenge and brushing to simulate two years in the oral environment. The shade and surface roughness of the specimens were measured again after the accelerated aging procedure.

Results: The mean ΔE was significantly larger than 3.368 in Ceram.x® group (-p-value<0.001) and SDR® Plus group (-p-value<0.001). The mean surface roughness has significantly increased for both groups after aging with no significant difference between the two groups. It however remained clinically acceptable.

Conclusions: SDR® Plus and Ceram.x® showed similar surface roughness when subjected to the same testing conditions. Concerning the color stability, both composites displayed noticeable discoloration, with higher ΔE values registered for Ceram.x®. Key words:Composite resins, spectrophotometry, atomic force microscopy, dental material, resin-based material.