Efficient removal of tannins from anaerobically-treated palm oil mill effluent using protein-tannin complexation in conjunction with electrocoagulation

Peerawat Khongkliang; Maneerat Khemkhao; Sithipong Mahathanabodee; Sompong O-Thong; Abudukeremu Kadier; Chantaraporn Phalakornkule

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138086

Efficient removal of tannins from anaerobically-treated palm oil mill effluent using protein-tannin complexation in conjunction with electrocoagulation

Chemosphere. 2023 Apr:321:138086. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138086. Epub 2023 Feb 6.

Authors

Peerawat Khongkliang¹, Maneerat Khemkhao², Sithipong Mahathanabodee³, Sompong O-Thong⁴, Abudukeremu Kadier⁵, Chantaraporn Phalakornkule⁶

Affiliations

¹ The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand; Research Center for Circular Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand.
² Rattanakosin College for Sustainable Energy and Environment, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand; Microbial Informatics and Industrial Product of Microbe Research Center, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand.
³ Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand.
⁴ International College, Thaksin University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand.
⁵ Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
⁶ The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand; Research Center for Circular Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand. Electronic address: cphalak21@gmail.com.

PMID: 36754310
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138086

Abstract

Despite the significant removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by anaerobic digestion, anaerobically-treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) still contains tannins and other phenolic compounds, resulting in residual COD and a brownish color. In this study, we investigated the removal of tannins from anaerobically treated POME using protein-tannin complexation in conjunction with electrocoagulation. The amino acid composition of the protein, aqueous pH, and protein: tannin ratios were found to be important parameters affecting the tannin removal efficiency. Pig blood protein was superior to casein protein in removing tannins, possibly because it had aspartic acid as the major amino acid component. At an optimal condition with a pig blood protein: tannin ratio of 0.33 (w/w), a current density of 30 mA/cm², pH 5, and an electrolysis time of 10 min, the removals of tannins, COD, and color were 93%, 96%, and 97%, respectively.

Keywords: Covered lagoon effluent; Electrocoagulation; Pig blood protein; Precipitation; Protein-tannin complex.

MeSH terms

Amino Acids
Animals
Electrocoagulation / methods
Industrial Waste / analysis
Palm Oil
Plant Oils* / chemistry
Swine
Tannins*
Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods

Substances

Palm Oil
Plant Oils
Tannins
Industrial Waste
Amino Acids