Focal Cortical Dysplasia with hippocampal sclerosis

Devendra Jadav; Vaibhav Gupta; Sudeep Khera; Vikas Meshram

doi:10.4322/acr.2023.420

Focal Cortical Dysplasia with hippocampal sclerosis

Autops Case Rep. 2023 Jan 23:13:e2023420. doi: 10.4322/acr.2023.420. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Devendra Jadav¹, Vaibhav Gupta², Sudeep Khera³, Vikas Meshram¹

Affiliations

¹ All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
² Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, New Delhi, India.
³ All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Abstract

Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) is a group of focal developmental malformations of the cerebral cortex cytoarchitecture. FCD usually manifests as medically intractable epilepsy, especially in young children. Live patients are diagnosed by radiological examination such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET), magnetoencephalography (MEG), diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI), and intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG). While some cases can be missed by radiological examination, they are usually diagnosed on the histopathological examination of the surgically removed specimens of medically intractable epilepsy patients. We report a case of a young girl with cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and seizure disorder who died in her sleep. The deceased was diagnosed with FCD type III with hippocampal sclerosis on histopathological examination at autopsy. H & E stain and NeuN immunohistochemistry neuronal cell marker were used to demonstrate the findings of FCD.

Keywords: Cortical Dysplasia- Focal Epilepsy Syndrome Histopathology; Forensic Pathology, Autopsy; Immunohistochemistry.

Publication types

Case Reports