How does hemodynamics affect rupture tissue mechanics in abdominal aortic aneurysm: Focus on wall shear stress derived parameters, time-averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index, endothelial cell activation potential, and relative residence time

Onur Mutlu; Huseyin Enes Salman; Hassan Al-Thani; Ayman El-Menyar; Uvais Ahmed Qidwai; Huseyin Cagatay Yalcin

doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106609

How does hemodynamics affect rupture tissue mechanics in abdominal aortic aneurysm: Focus on wall shear stress derived parameters, time-averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index, endothelial cell activation potential, and relative residence time

Comput Biol Med. 2023 Mar:154:106609. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106609. Epub 2023 Jan 23.

Authors

Onur Mutlu¹, Huseyin Enes Salman², Hassan Al-Thani³, Ayman El-Menyar⁴, Uvais Ahmed Qidwai⁵, Huseyin Cagatay Yalcin⁶

Affiliations

¹ Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
² Department of Mechanical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey.
³ Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
⁴ Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
⁵ Department of Computer Science Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
⁶ Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. Electronic address: hyalcin@qu.edu.qa.

PMID: 36724610
DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106609

Abstract

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a critical health condition with a risk of rupture, where the diameter of the aorta enlarges more than 50% of its normal diameter. The incidence rate of AAA has increased worldwide. Currently, about three out of every 100,000 people have aortic diseases. The diameter and geometry of AAAs influence the hemodynamic forces exerted on the arterial wall. Therefore, a reliable assessment of hemodynamics is crucial for predicting the rupture risk. Wall shear stress (WSS) is an important metric to define the level of the frictional force on the AAA wall. Excessive levels of WSS deteriorate the remodeling mechanism of the arteries and lead to abnormal conditions. At this point, WSS-related hemodynamic parameters, such as time-averaged WSS (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP), and relative residence time (RRT) provide important information to evaluate the shear environment on the AAA wall in detail. Calculation of these parameters is not straightforward and requires a physical understanding of what they represent. In addition, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solvers do not readily calculate these parameters when hemodynamics is simulated. This review aims to explain the WSS-derived parameters focusing on how these represent different characteristics of disturbed hemodynamics. A representative case is presented for spatial and temporal formulation that would be useful for interested researchers for practical calculations. Finally, recent hemodynamics investigations relating WSS-related parameters with AAA rupture risk assessment are presented. This review will be useful to understand the physical representation of WSS-related parameters in cardiovascular flows and how they can be calculated practically for AAA investigations.

Keywords: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA); Aneurysm rupture risk assessment; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP); Hemodynamics; Oscillatory shear index (OSI); Relative residence time (RRT); Time average wall shear stress (TAWSS).

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal*
Endothelial Cells
Hemodynamics*
Humans
Models, Cardiovascular
Risk Assessment
Stress, Mechanical