Biosynthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles from Tamarindus indica seed attenuate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating biochemical indexes and linked genes

Fatema Yasmin Nisa; Md Atiar Rahman; Md Khalid Juhani Rafi; Md Asif Nadim Khan; Farjana Sultana; Mumtahina Majid; Md Altaf Hossain; Jobaier Ibne Deen; Md Mannan; Srabonti Saha; Jitbanjong Tangpong; Tasrina Rabia Choudhury

doi:10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213291

Biosynthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles from Tamarindus indica seed attenuate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating biochemical indexes and linked genes

Biomater Adv. 2023 Mar:146:213291. doi: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213291. Epub 2023 Jan 18.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand. Electronic address: atiar@cu.ac.bd.
³ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh. Electronic address: srabonti7@cu.ac.bd.
⁴ School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand. Electronic address: rjitbanj@wu.ac.th.
⁵ Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Bangladesh.

PMID: 36709628
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213291

Abstract

The phytochemicals of Tamarindus indica seed hydroalcoholic extract were exploited as a biocatalyst for the sustainable synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs). This research investigated the cardioprotective effects of biosynthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticle (MgO-NPs). The biosynthesized seed MgO-NPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These methodological approaches demonstrated their capacity to synthesize crystalline and aggregated MgO-NPs with a size average of 13.38 ± 0.16 nm. The biogenic MgO-NPs were found to have a significant quantity of total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC), indicating the existence of phenol and flavonoid-like components. The biogenic MgO-NPs demonstrated a significant free radical scavenging effects compared to different standards as measured by the inhibition of free radicals produced in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS^•+), and Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging methods; they also exhibited higher ferric ion reducing capacity in FRAP assay. Moreover, they were found to be non-toxic in cytotoxic assessment. Pretreatment of Wistar Albino rats with seed MgO-NPs resulted in a significant reduction of cardiac biomarkers, i.e., cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK-MB), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The seed MgO-NPs were more successful in reducing lipid levels. The results of the mRNA expression analysis showed that seed MgO-NPs efficiently reduced the expression of the apoptotic genes p53 and Caspase-3 while restoring the expected levels of SOD gene expression. The histopathological observations were primarily focused on the disruption of cardiac fibers and myofibrillar disintegration, which are consistent with the biochemical findings. Therefore, our research suggests that MgO-NPs derived from the seeds of Tamarindus indica as a powerful antioxidant; the administration may be effective in protecting the heart from DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

Keywords: Biosynthesis; Cardiotoxicity; Doxorubicin; Magnesium oxide; Nanoparticles; Tamarindus indica.

MeSH terms

Animals
Cardiotoxicity / prevention & control
Doxorubicin
Magnesium Oxide / chemistry
Magnesium Oxide / pharmacology
Metal Nanoparticles* / chemistry
Metal Nanoparticles* / toxicity
Rats
Seeds
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Tamarindus*

Substances

Doxorubicin
Magnesium Oxide