3D echocardiography in mitral valve prolapse

Valentina Mantegazza; Paola Gripari; Gloria Tamborini; Manuela Muratori; Laura Fusini; Sarah Ghulam Ali; Anna Garlaschè; Mauro Pepi

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.1050476

3D echocardiography in mitral valve prolapse

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Jan 10:9:1050476. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1050476. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Valentina Mantegazza^{1

2}, Paola Gripari¹, Gloria Tamborini¹, Manuela Muratori¹, Laura Fusini^{1

3}, Sarah Ghulam Ali¹, Anna Garlaschè¹, Mauro Pepi¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
² Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
³ Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Abstract

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the leading cause of mitral valve surgery. Echocardiography is the principal imaging modality used to diagnose MVP, assess the mitral valve morphology and mitral annulus dynamics, and quantify mitral regurgitation. Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiographic (3DE) imaging represents a consistent innovation in cardiovascular ultrasound in the last decades, and it has been implemented in routine clinical practice for the evaluation of mitral valve diseases. The focus of this review is the role and the advantages of 3DE in the comprehensive evaluation of MVP, intraoperative and intraprocedural monitoring.

Keywords: mitral annulus (MA); mitral regurgitation (MR); mitral valve prolapse (MVP); mitral valve surgery; percutaneous mitral valve repair; three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE).

Publication types

Review