Development and Validation of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure in the Arabic Language for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis in Saudi Arabia

Ali D Alotaibi; Vishal Vennu; Ahmad Saleh BinNasser; May Idres; Asma Mohammed; Hasan Aldawai; Saad M Bindawas

doi:10.2147/PPA.S393163

Development and Validation of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure in the Arabic Language for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis in Saudi Arabia

Patient Prefer Adherence. 2023 Jan 19:17:187-198. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S393163. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Ali D Alotaibi^{1

2}, Vishal Vennu², Ahmad Saleh BinNasser³, May Idres⁴, Asma Mohammed⁵, Hasan Aldawai⁶, Saad M Bindawas²

Affiliations

¹ Ministry of Health, Dawadmi General Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Physical Therapy Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Physical Therapy Department, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Physical Therapy Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Purpose: In Western countries, several patient-reported outcomes (PROs) measures have been developed and validated for knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. While few PROs have been adopted for these patients in Saudi Arabia, which do not reflect all aspects of the Saudi socio-cultural context. Given this shortcoming, this study aimed to develop a new PRO measure in Arabic that covers all concepts related to health, function, and participation encompassing environmental and personal factors.

Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 73 males and females aged ≥55 diagnosed with radiographic knee OA recruited from the orthopedic and physiotherapy departments of five hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between September 2016 and March 2017. Physicians confirmed knee OA according to the American College of Rheumatology standards. We examined the psychometric properties of the new Arabic PRO measure.

Results: The internal consistency and test-retest (a one-week interval) reliabilities were found acceptable and excellent with Cronbach's alpha and the intra-class correlation coefficient, ranging from 0.69 to 0.85 and 0.88 to 0.91, respectively. The construct validity was found fair with the correlation between the subscales Body Function and Physical Function (rs =0.63), Activity & Participation and Physical Function (rs =0.72), and Body Function and Bodily Pain (rs =0.58). We found a weak to fair correlation between the new Arabic PRO measure's subscales and the SF-36 physical composite scale (PCS: rs =0.34-0.69) compared to the mental-composite scale (MCS: rs =0.16-0.55).

Conclusion: The 33-item new Arabic PRO measure is a well-accepted, reliable, and valid tool for use in knee OA patients in the Saudi cultural context.

Keywords: Arabic; knee; osteoarthritis; patient-reported outcome; psychometric properties.

Grants and funding

This research was supported by a grant from the King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology (KACST) (grant No: 1-17-00-001-0005). The KACST has funded the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data.