Role of laparoscopic surgery in the management of gallbladder cancer: Systematic review & meta-analysis

Am J Surg. 2023 Jun;225(6):975-987. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.008. Epub 2023 Jan 11.

Abstract

Background: This meta-analysis evaluates the safety and short-term oncological outcomes of laparoscopic vs. open surgery for gallbladder carcinoma(GBC).

Methods: Meta-analysis was performed on laparoscopic(LG) and open group(OG) studies. Data for survival outcomes were extracted from Kaplan-Meier curves and combined with Tierney's method to estimate hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% CIs.

Results: There was no significant difference in overall survival(HR: 1.01), disease-free survival(HR: 0.84), 30-day mortality(RR:1.10), overall recurrence(RR:0.93), intraoperative gallbladder violation(RR:1.17), operative time(WMD:8.32), number of patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy(RR:1.06) and blood transfusion(RR: 0.81). A significant difference was seen in survival of T3 subgroup(HR:0.77) and number of lymph node dissections (LND)(WMD: 0.63) favoring OG, along with a decrease in postoperative complications(RR:0.65), greater incidence of R0 resections(RR:1.04), lower volume of intraoperative blood loss(WMD: 128.62), lower time in removing drainage tube(WMD: 1.35), shorter diet recovery time(WMD: 1.88), shorter hospital stay(WMD: 3.51), lower incidence of 90-day mortality(RR:0.49) favoring LG. A higher incidence of port-site recurrence(RR:1.99) was reported in LG.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery is non-inferior to the open approach in terms of oncological outcomes and has an improved rate of postoperative complications.

Keywords: Cholecystectomy; Gallbladder neoplasms; Laparoscopic surgery; Meta-analysis.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Blood Loss, Surgical
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Gallbladder Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Laparoscopy* / methods
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Treatment Outcome