Deep Learning-Assisted Droplet Digital PCR for Quantitative Detection of Human Coronavirus

Biochip J. 2023;17(1):112-119. doi: 10.1007/s13206-023-00095-2. Epub 2023 Jan 17.

Abstract

Since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rapidly spread worldwide, there is an urgent demand for accurate and suitable nucleic acid detection technology. Although the conventional threshold-based algorithms have been used for processing images of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), there are still challenges from noise and irregular size of droplets. Here, we present a combined method of the mask region convolutional neural network (Mask R-CNN)-based image detection algorithm and Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based thresholding algorithm. This novel approach significantly reduces false detection rate and achieves highly accurate prediction model in a ddPCR image processing. We demonstrated that how deep learning improved the overall performance in a ddPCR image processing. Therefore, our study could be a promising method in nucleic acid detection technology.

Keywords: Deep learning; GMM clustering; Image processing; Mask R-CNN; ddPCR.