PD-1 Inhibitor for Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Infection in a Person With HIV

Li Liu; Zichen Song; Jingna Xun; Danping Liu; Jianhao Wei; Zhenyan Wang; Yang Tang; Jianjun Sun; Jun Chen

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac700

PD-1 Inhibitor for Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Infection in a Person With HIV

Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022 Dec 28;10(1):ofac700. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac700. eCollection 2023 Jan.

Authors

Li Liu¹, Zichen Song², Jingna Xun², Danping Liu¹, Jianhao Wei³, Zhenyan Wang¹, Yang Tang¹, Jianjun Sun¹, Jun Chen¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

We report a case of a person with human immunodeficiency virus with disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection, in whom antiretroviral therapy combined with all drugs of anti-M avium activity failed to clear the pathogen. After PD-1 inhibitor treatment, T-cell exhaustion was reversed and M avium-specific T-cell response was boosted, together with M avium clearance.

Keywords: HIV; Mycobacterium avium; PD-1 blockade; immunotherapy; mycobacteria.