siMS score- method for quantification of metabolic syndrome, confirms co-founding factors of metabolic syndrome

V Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic; H Petrovic; D Dobrosavljevic; E Colak; N Ivanovic; D Gostiljac; S Ilic; D Nikolic; J Gacic; I Soldatovic

doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.1041383

siMS score- method for quantification of metabolic syndrome, confirms co-founding factors of metabolic syndrome

Front Genet. 2023 Jan 4:13:1041383. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1041383. eCollection 2022.

Authors

V Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic^{1

2}, H Petrovic³, D Dobrosavljevic^{2

4}, E Colak⁵, N Ivanovic^{2

6}, D Gostiljac^{1

2}, S Ilic¹, D Nikolic^{1

2}, J Gacic^{2

6}, I Soldatovic^{2

7}

Affiliations

¹ University Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Belgrade, Serbia.
² Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia.
³ Department of Clinical Genetics, University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁴ Clinic of Dermatovenereology, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁵ Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁶ Clinical Center Bezanijska Kosa, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁷ Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Belgrade, Serbia.

Abstract

Background: Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ, a highly active metabolic tissue, and an important source of cytokines. Inflammatory factors play an important role in visceral obesity associated with insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MS), hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), endothelial dysfunction (ED) and atherosclerosis. Objectives: To examine corelation of siMS score, as a quantification method for metabolic syndrome (MS), with insulin resistance, glucoregulation parameters, as with other co-founding factors of MS, inflammation and thrombosis factors, microalbuminuria, uric acid, fatty liver index (FLI) and homocysteine. Methods: The study included 451 obese individuals with pre-metabolic syndrome (pre-MS) and MS (age 16-75, body mass index (BMI) > 25kg/m²) classified into two groups: I-age 10-30 (167 patients); II-age 31-75 (284 patients). International Diabetes Federation (IDF) classification was applied for diagnosing metabolic syndrome. Patients with less than three criteria indicated below were considered pre-metabolic syndrome. siMS risk score was used. Results: siMS score increased with age: I-3.03 ± 0.87, II-3.27 ± 0.90. siMS score correlated with associated factors of MS: hyperinsulinemia and IR, ALT, gama-GT, FLI, uric acid in both groups and CRP (p < 0.01) in group I. Correlations in II group: siMS score with PAI-1 (p = 0.01), microalbuminuria (p = 0.006), homocysteine (p = 0.076). Conclusion: Correlation of siMS score with HOMA-IR confirmed that hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance are in the basis of MS. Correlation of siMS score with parameters of NAFLD, CRP, PAI-1, uric acid, microalbuminuria and homocysteine indicates that they are significant co-founding factors of MS. Correlation of siMS score with PAI-1, microalbuminuria, homocysteine, indicates higher risk for progression of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis with age.

Keywords: insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; obesity; siMS score.