Chronic kidney disease (CKD), one of the common clinical urological diseases, is increasingly more prevalent in recent years and has emerged as a major concern of public health around the globe. The continuous recurrence of CKD caused by renal function impairment leads eventually to irreversible renal failure and severe systemic complications, which causes severe negative impact on the quality of life of the patient. As an essential component of human microbiome, oral microbiota plays a major role in maintaining health, and there has been research suggesting close association between oral dysbiosis and CKD. It is therefore of great clinical significance to understand the correlation between CKD and oral microbiota. Herein, we reviewed the characteristics of oral microbiota of CKD patients, the possible mechanisms of oral microbiota's involvement in the pathogenesis and development of CKD, and the latest research findings on oral dysbiosis and CKD, with a view to finding new approaches to early prevention and control of CKD through oral microbial targets.
慢性肾病（CKD）是临床上常见的泌尿系统疾病之一，其发病率近年来呈逐年升高趋势，已经成为全球重大公共卫生问题。CKD患者由于肾功能受损而导致病情反复，病程长达数年，最终导致不可逆转的肾功能衰竭，并伴有严重的系统性并发症，严重影响其生存质量。口腔微生物作为人类微生物群落的重要组成部分，在维持人类健康状况方面发挥重要作用，研究发现，口腔菌群失调与CKD存在着密切联系。因此，了解口腔微生物与CKD相关性具有重要的临床意义。本文对慢性肾病患者口腔菌群特征，口腔菌群参与CKD发生发展机制，以及口腔菌群失调与CKD研究的新进展进行综述，以期通过口腔微生物靶点为CKD的早期防控提供新思路。
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; End-stage renal disease; IgA nephropathy; Oral dysbiosis; Oral microbiota.
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