Understanding of molecular basis of histological graded horn cancer by transcriptome profiling

Dhaval T Fefar; Ketankumar J Panchal; Mansi R Desai; Pritesh H Sabara; Akash V Golaviya; Mayank R Patel; Subhash J Jakhesara; Prakash G Koringa

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2023.147196

Understanding of molecular basis of histological graded horn cancer by transcriptome profiling

Gene. 2023 Mar 20:857:147196. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147196. Epub 2023 Jan 11.

Authors

Dhaval T Fefar¹, Ketankumar J Panchal², Mansi R Desai³, Pritesh H Sabara⁴, Akash V Golaviya⁵, Mayank R Patel⁶, Subhash J Jakhesara², Prakash G Koringa⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh 362001, Gujarat, India.
² Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India.
³ P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Off. Nadiad-Petlad Highway, Changa-388421, Anand, Gujarat, India.
⁴ Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, 6th Floor MS Building, Sector 11, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India.
⁵ Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India.
⁶ Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India.
⁷ Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: pgkoringa@aau.in.

PMID: 36641075
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147196

Abstract

Horn cancer is most devastating and prominent cancer in Indian zebu cattle that affects socio-economic condition of small-scale farmers who depends on their cattle for farm work. Development in the field for genomics through next generation sequencing and bioinformatics advancement have helped to identify genes which have a role in horn cancer development. Histopathological examination of cancerous tissues of horn revealed myxomatous changes, well, moderate and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Differential gene expression analysis showed 40, 11, 66 and 29 upregulated genes and 10, 14, 08 and 07 down-regulated genes in myxomatous, well, moderate and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma as compared to normal. Significant differentially expressed genes are related to cell development, cell proliferation, cell-cell communication, cell signaling and angiogenesis which are linked to Akt pathway, mTOR pathway and Wnt pathway. Activity of these genes and related pathways have already been established about their role in development of cancer. Among the candidate genes; keratin family, keratin family related gene, chemokine signaling and cytokines signaling associated genes could be a prominent target for the development of stage specific prognosis marker after further detailed study at large sample population level. CSTA, PTN, SPP1 genes have upregulation in all stages of cancer and they have enrolled as biomarkers for horn cancer.

Keywords: Cytokines; Histopathological grading; Horn cancer; Keratin; Squamous cell carcinoma; Transcriptome.

MeSH terms

Animals
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / pathology
Cattle
Cell Communication
Gene Expression Profiling*
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Transcriptome / genetics
Up-Regulation
Wnt Signaling Pathway / genetics